Single stage rock crusher



J. D. AULT ETAL 2,999,651

Sept. 12, 1961 SINGLE STAGE ROCK CRUSHER 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed July 11,1958 22 I2 f 24 I 26 42 I 40/\ 62 .Illl

38 Fig.3 58

INVENTORS JOH N D. A ULT. D'AVID P. MCONNELL Sept. 12, 1961 J. D. AULTETAL 2,999,651g

SINGLE STAGE. ROCK CRUSHER Filed July 11, 1958 2 Sheets-Sheet 2INVENTORS JOHN D. AU LT, DAVID P. MCONNELL mam nite

The present invention relates generally to rock crushing machines andmore particularly to a single stage rock crusher.

The primary object of this invention is to provide a rock crusher which,in a single stage, reduces large rocks to a small size normallyrequiring several graded stages.

Another object of this invention is to provide a rock crusher having anovel resilient jaw suspension arrangement which is very eflicient inoperation and minimizes noise and vibration.

A further object of this invention is to provide a rock crusher in whichthe jaw suspension structure is entirely spring mounted and contains nodirect pivotal mountings which might be subject to excessive wear.

Still another object of this invention is to provide a rock crusher inwhich each jaw is vibrated by a simple eccentric weight, the weightsbeing driven in proper synchronization from a common source.

Another object of this invention is to provide a rock crusher which isadapted for fabrication from many different materials, so that thechoice of material can be according to the dictates of availability andprice considerations, the exact sizes and proportions being matterseasily determined to suit particular conditions and needs.

Another object of this invention is to provide a rock crusher which ispracticable and inexpensive to manufacture.

Finally, it is an object to provide a rock crusher of the aforementionedcharacter which is simple and convenient to operate and which will givegenerally efficient and durable service.

With these and other objects definitely in view, this invention consistsin the novel construction, combination and arrangement of elements andportions which will be hereiafter fully described in the specification,particularly pointed out in the claims, and illustrated in the drawingswhich form a material part of this disclosure, and in which:

FIGURE 1 is a transverse sectional view of the rock crusher as taken onthe line 1-1 of FIGURE 4;

FIGURE 2 is an enlarged fragmentary sectional view taken on the line 22of FIGURE 1;

FIGURE 3 is a fragmentary sectional view taken on the line 33 of FIGURE2;

FIGURE 4 is a longitudinal sectional view taken on the line 4-4 ofFIGURE 1; and

FIGURE 5 is an enlarged fragmentary sectional view taken on the line 55of FIGURE 4.

Similar characters of reference indicate similar or identical elementsand portions throughout the specification and throughout the views ofthe drawings.

Referring now to the drawings in detail, the rock crusher comprises afixed base frame 10, which is supported on the ground or attached to asuitable supporting surface, and a floating frame 12 which carries theoperational mechanism of the crusher. The base frame comprises a pair ofupright end plates 14 interconnected by lower beams 16 and upper beams18, the specific structure and bracing thereof being a matter of choiceaccording to requirements. Each end plate, as shown, is generally U-shaped and has upstanding sides 20.

The illustrated floating frame 12 includes a pair of flat end plates 22shaped to fit between the sides 20 and having laterally extending, upperarm portions 24 which are interconnected by longitudinal side beams 26.The floating frame 12 is supported at its four corners on supportsprings 28 which rest in lower cups 30 fixed to the upper beams 18, saidfloating frame having corresponding upper cups 32 fixed below the sidebeams 26 to fit over the support springs. Additional support springs 28may be used if necessary according to the size and weight of themachine. Mounted in the floating frame 12 are the two opposed crusherjaws 34, each having a back plate 36 on which are a plurality of raisedribs 38, and a hardened face plate 40 secured to said ribs by suitablescrews 42, as in FIGURE 2. The ribbed structure provides clearance forbolts or the like used to secure structure to the back plate 36 and whenthe face plates 40 become unduly worn through use, they are easilyreplaced by removing the screws 42. Obviously other means may beemployed to mount the face plates.

Along the lower edge of each back plate 36 is an outwardly extendingflange 44 on which is mounted a clamp bar 46, held in place by two pairsof bolts 48. Secured between each flange 44 and clamp bar 46 are twosupport bars 50 each having one end thereof between a pair of the bolts48, said clamp bar being held tightly on the support bars by springs 52fitted over said bolts and retained by washers 54 and nuts 56, as inFIGURES 2 and 3, the nuts being locked by any suitable means. The otherends of the support bars 50 rest on a flange 58 extending from alongitudinal beam member 60 which is fixed between the lower corners ofthe end plates 22, said support bars being held by a further clamp bar46 and the assembly of bolts 48 and springs 52 as described above. Thesupport bars 50 have upturned ends 62 to prevent them from pulling looseand pads 64 of fiber, leather, or the like are inserted above and belowthe support bars to absorb wear. Thus both jaws 34 rest entirely on thesupport bars 50 which are spring mounted at both ends, no actual pivotalsupport such as a shaft or hinge being used. The jaws are supported sothat their lower ends are closely adjacent and are upwardly divergent,the lower opposed faces of the face plates 40 being curved, as at 66, todefine a narrow throat 68.

The upper ends of the jaws 34 are supported on large coil springs 70,three being shown on each jaw although more or less may be used asnecessary. Each spring has its end coils turned inwardly to providesubstantially diametrical end portions 72, the inner ends adjacent theback plates 36 being secured by J-bolts 74, or the like, passing throughsaid back plates and secured by nuts 76, as in FIGURE 5. The outer endsof the springs 70 are secured to upper support beams 78, fixed betweenthe end plates 22, by means of further J-bolts 74 clamped around thediametrical portions 72. The springs 70 act in both compression andtension and allow the jaws 34 free vibrating motion.

Fixed to the upper portion of each back plate 36 adjacent the endsthereof are two pillow blocks carrying a longitudinal shaft 82 on whichis fixed an eccentric weight 84, the end of each shaft extending throughan enlarged opening 86 in one end plate 22 and being provided with anassembly of two universal joints 88 and an axial movable splinedconnection 90. This arrangement is necessary to accommodate thevibrating motion of the shafts 82 when in operation. The shafts 82 arerotated in opposite directions, through a suitable gearbox 92, by meansof a driven pulley 94 connected by belts 96 to the drive pulley 98 of amotor 100, said motor being mounted on a base plate 102 extending fromthe base frame 10. The gearbox 92 is supported on upright posts 104braced from the base plate 102 by side plates 106, said gearbox havingupper stays 108 extending to the adjacent end plate 22 for additionalsupport. The specific structure of the motor and gearbox support is notcritical and may be arranged to suit a particular installation of themachine. In operation, the shafts 82 are rotated in opposite directionsin synchronization, the unbalance of the eccentric weights 84 impartinga powerful vibratory action to the jaws 34. Rock is fed between the jawsmanually or from a hopper and is crushed by impact between the two jaws34, the pieces of rock progressing downwardly as they become smaller bycontinued crushing action. The fully crushed rock drops through thenarrow throat 68 and is collected in suitable receptacles. It has beenfound in tests that rocks up to eight inches or more across may bereduced to approximately one-twelfth of an inch in size in a singlepassage between the jaws, While in other types of machines, severalstages of crushing are necessary to achieve similar size reduction. Thevery efficient crushing action is due to the extremely free, resilientmounting of the jaws 34 and the violent, rapid vibratory motion madepossible thereby. Vibration in the machine itself is minimized due tothe resilient connection between the jaws and their supports and by thespring mounting of the floating frame 12, together with a comparablereduction in noise. The few parts of the machine subject to wear areeasily replaceable and little maintenance is required.

The operation of this invention will be clearly comprehended from aconsideration of the foregoing description of the mechanical detailsthereof, taken in connection with the drawings and the above recitedobjects. It will be obvious that all said objects are amply achieved bythis invention.

'It is understood that minor variation from the form of the inventiondisclosed herein may be made without departure from the spirit and scopeof the invention, and that the specification and drawings are to beconsidered as merely illustrative rather than limiting.

We claim:

1. A single stage rock crusher, comprising: a fixed base frame; afloating frame resiliently mounted on said base frame; a pair of opposedcrusher jaws operatively mounted in said base frame and converging attheir lower edges to define a throat therebetween; a plurality ofsupport bars resiliently connected at one end thereof to the lower edgeof each of said jaws; the other ends of said support bars beingresiliently connected to said floating frame; resilient support meansinterconnecting the upper portions of said jaws with said floatingframe; and means for vibrating said jaws toward and away from eachother.

2. A single stage rock crusher, comprising: a fixed base frame; afloating frame resiliently mounted on said base frame; a pair of opposedcrusher jaws operatively mounted in said base frame and converging attheir lower edges to define a throat therebetween; a plurality ofsupport bars resiliently connected at one end thereof to the lower edgeof each of said jaws; the other ends of said support bars beingresiliently connected to said floating frame; a plurality of springsterminally secured at one end thereof to the upper portion of each ofsaid jaws; the other ends of said springs being secured to said floatingframe; and means for vibrating said jaws toward and away from eachother.

3. A single stage rock crusher, comprising: a fixed base frame; afloating frame resiliently mounted on said base frame; a pair of opposedcrusher jaws operatively mounted in said base frame and converging attheir lower edges to define a throat therebetween; a plurality ofsupport bars resiliently connected at one end thereof tothe lower edgeof each of said jaws; the other ends of said support bars beingresiliently connected to said floating frame; a plurality of springsterminally secured at one end thereof to the upper portion of each ofsaid jaws; the other ends of said springs being secured to said floatingframe; a shaft rotatably and fixedly mounted on the upper portion ofeach of said jaws; each of said shafts having an eccentric weight fixedthereto; and means for rotating said shafts in opposite directionssimultaneously to vibrate said jaws.

4. A single stage rock crusher, comprising: a fixed base frame; afloating frame resiliently mounted on said base frame; a pair of opposedcrusher jaws; each of said jaws including a back plate and a face plateremovably attached thereto; an outwardly extending flange fixed to thelower edge of each of said back plates, and a correspond ing flangemember fixed in said floating frame in alignment with each of saidflanges; a plurality of support bars terminally attached to said flangesand flange members; clamp bars resiliently secured to said flanges andflange members and retaining said support bars thereon; and meansconnected with said back plates and movable bodily relative to saidfloating frame for vibrating said jaws toward and away from each other.

5. A single stage rock crusher, comprising: a fixed base frame; afloating frame resiliently mounted on said base frame; a pair of opposedcrusher jaws operatively mounted in said base frame and converging attheir lower edges to define a throat therebetween; each of said jawsincluding a back plate, and a face plate; an outwardly extending flangefixed to the lower edge of each of said back plates, and a correspondingflange member fixed in said floating frame in alignment with each ofsaid flanges; a plurality of support bars terminally attached to saidflanges and flange members; clamp bars resiliently secured to saidflanges and flange members and retaining said support bars thereon; aplurality of springs terminally secured at one end thereof to the upperportion of each of said back plates; the other ends of said springsbeing secured to said floating frame; a shaft rotatably and fixedlymounted on the upper portion of each of said back plates; each of saidshafts having an eccentric weight fixed thereto; and driving meansoperatively connected to said shafts to rotate the shafts in oppositedirections simultaneously causing said jaws to vibrate.

6. A single stage rock crusher, comprising: a supporting framestructure; a pair of opposed crusher jaws operatively mounted in saidframe structure and converging at their lower edges to define a throattherebetween; resilient support means connecting said jaws to said framestructure; said resilient means constituting the sole means of supportfor said jaws; and means for vibrating said jaws toward and away fromeach other; said resilient support means comprising support barsresiliently connected to said frame structure adjacent one end of eachbar, and said jaws being resiliently connected to said support bars.

7. Structure according to claim 6 wherein said support bars are securedto said jaws adjacent the lower ends of the jaws.

8. Structure according to claim 7 and including springs connecting upperend portions of the jaws to said support frame structure.

9. A rock crusher comprising: a supporting frame structure; a pair ofopposed crusher jaws operatively mounted in said frame structure andconverging toward their lower edges to define a throat therebetween;resilient means engaging said frame and said jaws as the sole means ofmaintaining said jaws opposed to one another for bodily floating andvibratory movement relative to said frame structure; rigid elementsconnected to said jaws in spaced relation to said resilient means; andmeans rotatably carried by said rigid elements on said jawsindependently of said resilient means for directly effecting positivebodily movement of said jaws relative to said frame structure andvibrating said jaws toward and away from each other.

10. A crusher comprising: a supporting frame structure; a pair ofopposed downwardly convergent crusher jaws defining therebetween a spacefor passage of material; means at the upper and lower ends of therespective jaws floatingly supporting said jaws in said frame forgyratory movement relative to one another; power means and meansincluding portions mounted on said jaws directly connecting said powermeans to said jaws spaced from and independent of said upper and lowersupporting means for imparting gyratory motion to said jaws.

11. A crusher comprising: a supporting frame structure; a pair ofopposed downwardly convergent crusher jaws defining therebetween a spacefor passage of material; means at the upper and lower ends of therespective jaws floatingly supporting said jaws in said frame forgyratory movement relative to one another; means separate from saidupper and lower supporting means for imparting gyratory motion to atleast one of said jaws; said latter means including rigid bearingsupports directly connected to said jaw at a location spaced from saidupper and lower supporting means thereof; and an eccentrically weightedshaft journalled in said bearing supports.

12. A crusher comprising: a supporting frame structure; a pair ofopposed downwardly convergent crusher jaws defining therebetween a spacefor passage of material; means at the upper and lower ends of therespective jaws floatingly supporting said jaws in said frame forgyratory movement relative to one another; means separate from saidupper and lower supporting means for imparting gyratory motion to saidjaws; said latter means including rigid bearing supports directlyconnected to said jaws at locations spaced from said upper and lowersupporting means; and eccentrically weighted shafts journalled in therespective bearing supports.

13. A crusher comprising: a base frame; a floating frame resilientlymounted on said base frame; a pair of opposed downwardly convergentcrusher jaws defining therebetween a space for passage of material;means at the upper and lower ends of the respective jaws floatinglysupporting said jaws in said floating frame for gyratory movementrelative to one another; motion transmitting means connected to at leastone of said jaws intermediate said upper and lower supporting meansthereof for imparting gyratory motion thereto; and means for drivingsaid motion transmitting means.

14. A crusher comprising: a base frame; a floating frame resilientlymounted on said base frame; a pair of opposed downwardly convergentcrusher jaws defining therebet'ween a space for passage of material;means at the upper and lower ends of the respective jaws floatinglysupporting said jaws in said floating frame for gyratory movementrelative to one another; motion transmitting means connected to saidjaws intermediate said upper and lower supporting means of therespective jaws for imparting gyratory motion to said jaws; and meansfor driving said motion transmitting means.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS945,372 Brinton Jan. 4, 1910 1,936,742 Youtsey Nov. 28, 1933 2,609,154Baker Sept. 2, 1952 2,652,985 Linke Sept. 22, 1953 FOREIGN PATENTS16,025 Great Britain of 1912 21,664 Great Britain of 1907 515,819Germany Jan. 13, 1931 805,486 Germany May 21, 1951

